التقنيات الحديثة لتخفيف آلام ما بعد العمليات الجراحية

                                Recent advances in postoperative pain relief.

                "Effective postoperative pain is an essential component of the care of the surgical patient. Inadequate pain control, apart from being inhumane, may result in increased morbidity or mortality.

Types of pain (acute and chronic), pain pathways, pain receptors (nociceptors), pain mediators  and modulation of pain perception are essential to be studied. (Chelly et al., 2004)

The pathophysiology and complication of unrelieved acute pain, including respiratory, endocrinal, cardiovascular, immunological  and pathophysiology within the nervous system, necessitates improving postoperative pain management. (Striebel et al., 1999)

The role of preemptive analgesiaalthough appealing, yet it raises many debates.             

Measurement of acute pain is an important aspect of pain management. Different methods are presented, including verbal analogue scale and McGill pain questionnaire.(Bowdle, 1998)

Postoperative pain management was thoroughly discussed, including the new modalities in regional analgesia, new drugs used,  new drug delivery systems as patient controlled analgesia, computer assisted continuous infusion and transdermal drug delivery beside the traditional methods used in postoperative pain management. (Sear, 1998)

Finally, it was not missed to take a special attention for special patients who require special care in their management in the postoperative period, including the geriatric and pediatric patients. (Hartrick et al., 2006)"