إستخدام الأعداء الطبيعيه لمكافحه أهم الآفات الحشريه التى تصيب الفواكه ذات النواه الحجريه

"UTILIZATION OF NATURAL ENEMIES TO CONTROL THE MOST IMPORTANT INSECT PESTS INFESTING STONE FRUITS

                                        "The present work aimed to investigate population fluc-tuations, infestation rates, annual generations, parasitoids, bacteria and control methods against the peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella Zell. in peach orchards at ElGiza Governo-rate during 2006 and 2007 seasons. Mean numbers of larvae in twigs and fruits showed three peaks in mid May, mid July and mid August in twigs, as well as mid May, early and mid June in fruits. However, those of pupae exhibited two peaks in mid April and early July in twigs, as well as in both early May and June in fruits. The larval and pupal infestations followed the same previous trends in twigs and fruits. The highest lar-val and pupal infestations in twigs and fruits were in the southern direction of the orchard. Larvae and pupae had three annual generations in twigs and two generations in fruits. The generation period in twigs ranged between 60 and 90 days, while it lasted 45 days in fruits. Glyptapanteles africanus (Cam.), G. maculitarsis (Cam.), Glyptapanteles sp. and Di-brachys cavus (Wlk.) were surveyed from host larvae. The first three parasitoids may be new records in the world, while D. cavus is a new record in Egypt. Bacillus licheniformis ‎(Weigmann)‎, B. thuringiensis ‎(Berliner)‎, B. laterosporus  Laubach ‎ and B.  pumilus Meyer & Gottheil may be new re-cords on A. lineatella larvae in Egypt. Trichogramma evanes-cens West., Profect® (Bt+NPV) and Cidial L insecticide alone or combined were evaluated against A. lineatella. Infestation rates in twigs and fruits were significantly different in three levels and four cardinal directions and the middle of the tree. Mean infestations in control twigs and fruits were 36.6 and 9.5%, respectively. T. evanescens resulted in the lowest pest infestations (23.9 and 6.4%) in twigs and fruits and conse-quently the highest reductions (34.7 and 32.6%), respectively. However, Cidial L sprays on twigs and fruits showed the re-verse.

Key Words: Anarsia lineatella, Population fluctuations, Infestations, Generations, Parasitoids, Bacteria, Control."